Author of the chapter: Environmental Licensing and the Free, Prior and Informed Consultation provided for in ILO Convention No. 169

This chapter addresses environmental licensing as an essential tool for assessing and mitigating the impacts of potentially degrading activities. However, the process faces challenges such as the lack of a unified federal law and the increasing complexity of analyses. In this context, public participation becomes crucial, as it is not only a right of those affected but also supports decision-making. Among the various forms of participation, the Free, Prior, and Informed Consultation (CPLI) is the central focus of this study. Despite its importance, CPLI lacks specific regulation within the scope of environmental licensing. Therefore, this text discusses the controversies and presents possible solutions to them surrounding CPLI, seeking greater legal certainty for all involved.